Atomic NumberAtomic Number of Lithium
Atomic Number of Lithium is 3.
Chemical symbol for Lithium is Li. Number of protons in Lithium is 3. Atomic weight of Lithium is 6.94 u or g/mol. Melting point of Lithium is 180,5 °C and its the boiling point is 1317 °C.
» Boiling Point » Melting Point » Abundant » State at STP » Discovery YearAbout Lithium
Named after the Greek word meaning stone, Lithium is a soft metal, with the lowest density of all metals in the Periodic Table. Therefore, it can be quite easily cut with a knife and is almost as light as wood. Lithium does not occur in its pure form in nature but can be found in a number of minerals. Lithium is toxic; it is an alkali metal which easily reacts with water producing lithium hydroxide, used as an agent to absorb carbon dioxide. A very important usage if lithium is in batteries, especially rechargeable ones for our modern communication devices. For a variety of usages, lithium is alloyed with the metals like aluminum, magnesium, and other metals.
Uses of Lithium
Lithium which is the lightest metallic element is used in heat transfer applications, and as a scavenger in metallurgy. Many nonmetallic elements are scavenged by lithium. Because of its high electrode potential, lithium is also used as the negative electrode in nonrechargeable lithium batteries. Today rechargeable lithium batteries are commonly used for cell phones, cameras, and lots of other devices. There is another general usage of lithium in ceramics and glass industry. Lithium oxide, an inorganic chemical compound with lithium and oxide ions, is used as a flux in ceramic glazes.
Lithium is also commonly used in greases, in metallurgy, in flares and pyrotechnics, etc. Lithium hydroxide and lithium peroxide are used as carbon dioxide removal and air purification in spacecraft and submarines too.
Compounds with Lithium
- LiH: Lithium hydride
- LiCl: Lithium chloride
- LiF: Lithium fluoride
- Li2S: Lithium sulphide
- Lil: Lithium iodide
- Li2CO3: Lithium carbonate
- LiNO2: Lithium nitrite
- LiCoO2: Lithium cobalt oxide
- LiOH: Lithium hydroxide
- Li2O: Lithium oxide
- LiBr: Lithium bromide
- C4H6LiNO4: Lithium aspartate
- Li2SiO3: Lithium metasilicate
Properties of Lithium Element
| Atomic Number (Z) | 3 |
|---|---|
| Atomic Symbol | Li |
| Group | 1 |
| Period | 2 |
| Atomic Weight | 6.94 u |
| Density | 0.534 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point (K) | 453.69 K |
| Melting Point (℃) | 180,5 °C |
| Boiling Point (K) | 1560 K |
| Boiling Point (℃) | 1317 °C |
| Heat Capacity | 3.582 J/g · K |
| Abundance | 20 mg/kg |
| State at STP | Solid |
| Occurrence | Primordial |
| Description | Alkali metal |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) χ | 0.98 |
| Ionization Energy (eV) | 5.39172 |
| Atomic Radius | 145pm |
| Covalent Radius | 134pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 182 |
| Valence Electrons | 1 |
| Year of Discovery | 1817 |
| Discoverer | Arfvedson |